Mercurial > mplayer.hg
annotate DOCS/encoding.html @ 4397:970a09005860
3-pass encoding dox
| author | gabucino |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 28 Jan 2002 14:01:29 +0000 |
| parents | cab4ac1467e4 |
| children | 55c8aefdef1b |
| rev | line source |
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| 2674 | 1 <HTML> |
| 2 <BODY BGCOLOR=white> | |
| 3 | |
| 4 <FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 5 | |
| 2745 | 6 <P><B><A NAME=2.4>2.4. Encoding with MEncoder</A></B></P> |
| 2674 | 7 |
| 3721 | 8 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.1>2.4.1. Overview</B></P> |
| 9 | |
| 2674 | 10 <P><B>MEncoder</B> (<B>MPlayer</B>'s Movie Encoder) is a simple movie encoder, |
| 11 designed to encode MPlayer-playable movies | |
| 4397 | 12 (<B>AVI/DVD/VCD/VOB/MPG/MOV/VIV/FLI/RM/NUV/NET</B>) to other MPlayer-playable |
| 13 formats (see below). It can encode with various codecs, like <B>DivX4</B> (1 or | |
| 14 2 passes), libavcodec, <B>PCM</B>/<B>MP3</B>/<B>VBRMP3</B> audio. Also has | |
| 15 stream copying and video resizing abilities.</P> | |
| 2674 | 16 |
| 3721 | 17 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.2>2.4.2. Compiling</B></P> |
| 18 | |
| 19 <P> | |
| 2674 | 20 <UL> |
| 3721 | 21 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - read <B>MPlayer</B>'s compilation instructions, it contains info about |
| 3027 | 22 how to install <I>libdvdread</I> for <B>DVD</B> support, etc.</LI> |
| 3721 | 23 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - download the newest <B>DivX4linux</B> libs |
| 3027 | 24 from <A HREF="http://avifile.sourceforge.net/download.htm">avifile.sourceforge.net</A>, |
| 4177 | 25 and have them PROPERLY installed. You need them if you want DivX4 |
| 26 (1/2 pass) encoding.</LI> | |
| 3721 | 27 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - for libavcodec support, install libavcodec as |
| 28 described in the <A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec section</A>.</LI> | |
| 29 <LI><B>OPTIONAL</B> - download and compile <B>libmp3lame</B> (from lame 3.89beta or lame CVS).<BR> | |
| 3211 | 30 <B>WARNING : DO NOT COMPILE LAME WITH <U>GCC 2.96</U> ! It won't |
| 31 work properly !</B><BR> | |
| 32 This | |
| 3027 | 33 is needed for CBR/VBR MP3 audio encoding ability. Note that a single |
| 34 <CODE>lame</CODE> binary isn't sufficient. BTW: the less optimization | |
| 35 you use for lame, the better the quality will be. You can test | |
| 36 quality by running <CODE>make test</CODE> after lame's compiling process | |
| 37 is over. The resulting number should be less than <B>30</B>. Don't | |
| 38 panic if it's <B>400</B> or so, you shouldn't heard any audible | |
| 39 quality decrease. Oh, and if your compiler doesn't even run <CODE>make test</CODE> ... | |
| 40 Well, delete that <B>GCC 2.96</B>.</LI> | |
| 2674 | 41 </UL> |
| 42 </P> | |
| 43 | |
| 44 <P>You are ready. As you probably know, other encoding tools need the | |
| 45 <I>avifile</I> library installed. <B>MEncoder</B> doesn't need it at all.</P> | |
| 46 | |
| 3721 | 47 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3>2.4.3. MEncoder features</B></P> |
| 48 | |
| 49 <P> | |
| 2674 | 50 <UL> |
| 2868 | 51 <LI>encoding from the wide range of fileformats and decoders of <B>MPlayer</B></LI> |
| 4177 | 52 <LI>encoding to all the codecs of ffmpeg's |
| 53 <A HREF=codecs.html#2.2.1.2>libavcodec</A></LI> | |
| 54 <LI>video encoding from <B>V4L compatible TV tuners</B></LI> | |
| 2674 | 55 <LI>encoding/multiplexing to interleaved AVI files with proper index</LI> |
| 4397 | 56 <LI>1, 2 or 3 pass <B>DivX4</B> video</LI> |
| 3929 | 57 <LI><B>VBR</B> MP3 audio - <B>IMPORTANT NOTE</B> : VBR MP3 audio doesn't |
| 58 always play nicely on windows players! If you intend to encode AVIs | |
| 59 mainly for windows, encode with CBR!</LI> | |
| 2674 | 60 <LI>PCM audio</LI> |
| 3438 | 61 <LI>stream copying (CBR audio only)</LI> |
| 2674 | 62 <LI>input A/V synchronizing (PTS-based, can be disabled with -mc 0 option)</LI> |
| 63 <LI>FPS correction with <CODE>-ofps</CODE> option (useful when encoding | |
| 64 29.97fps VOB to 24fps AVI)</LI> | |
| 3438 | 65 <LI>movie rescaling</LI> |
| 2674 | 66 </UL> |
| 67 </P> | |
| 68 | |
| 69 <P><B><I>Planned features</I></B> : | |
| 70 <UL> | |
| 71 <LI>using audio from separate file (AC3, MP3, OGG)</LI> | |
| 72 <LI>VBR audio stream copy</LI> | |
| 73 <LI>even wider variety of available en/decoding formats/codecs | |
| 74 (creating VOB files with DivX4/Indeo5/VIVO streams :)</LI> | |
| 4177 | 75 <LI>audio encoding from v4l</LI> |
| 2674 | 76 </UL> |
| 77 </P> | |
| 78 | |
| 4397 | 79 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.1>2.4.3.1. Encoding 2 or 3-pass DivX4</B></P> |
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80 |
| 4397 | 81 <P><U><B>2-pass encoding :</B></U> the name comes from the fact that this method encodes the file <I>twice</I>. |
| 3620 | 82 The first encoding (dubbed <I>pass</I>) creates some temporary files (*.log) with a |
| 83 size of few megabytes, do not delete them yet (you can delete the AVI). In the second pass, the | |
| 84 2-pass output file is created, using the bitrate data from the temporary files. The resulting | |
| 3027 | 85 file will have much better image quality. If this is the first time you heard |
| 86 about this, you should consult some guides available on the Net.</P> | |
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87 |
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88 <P>This example shows how to encode a DVD to a 2-pass DivX4 AVI. Just two |
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89 commands are needed :<BR> |
| 4397 | 90 <CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file, which |
| 91 can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current one)<BR> | |
| 92 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100 | |
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93 -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR> |
| 4397 | 94 mencoder -dvd 2 -divx4opts br=1100 -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE></P> |
| 95 | |
| 96 <P><U><B>3-pass encoding :</B></U> this is an extension of 2-pass encoding, | |
| 97 where the audio encoding takes place in a separate pass. This method enables | |
| 98 estimation of recommended video bitrate in order to fit on a CD. Also, the | |
| 99 audio is encoded only once, unlike in 2-pass mode. The schematics :</P> | |
| 100 | |
| 101 <P> | |
| 102 <TABLE> | |
| 103 <TR> | |
| 104 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 105 <CODE>rm frameno.avi</CODE></TD> | |
| 106 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 107 <B>remove conflicting temporary file</B></TD> | |
| 108 </TR> | |
| 109 <TR> | |
| 110 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 111 <CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -ovc frameno -o | |
| 112 frameno.avi</CODE></TD> | |
| 113 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 114 <B><U>First pass</U> : an audio-only avi file will be created, containing | |
| 115 ONLY the requested audio stream. Don't forget <CODE>-lameopts</CODE>, if | |
| 116 you need to set it. If you were encoding a long movie, MEncoder prints | |
| 117 the recommended bitrate values for 650Mb, 700Mb, and 800Mb destination | |
| 118 sizes, after this pass finishes.</B></TD> | |
| 119 </TR> | |
| 120 <TR> | |
| 121 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 122 <CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 1 | |
| 123 -divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></TD> | |
| 124 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 125 <B><U>Second pass</U> : alias the first pass of DivX4 video encoding. | |
| 126 Optionally specify the video bitrate MEncoder printed at the end of the | |
| 127 previous pass.</B></TD> | |
| 128 </TR> | |
| 129 <TR> | |
| 130 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 131 <CODE>mencoder <file/DVD> -oac copy -pass 2 | |
| 132 -divx4opts br=<bitrate></CODE></TD> | |
| 133 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 134 <B><U>Third pass</U> : alias the second pass of DivX4 video encoding. | |
| 135 Optionally specify the video bitrate MEncoder printed at the end of the | |
| 136 previous pass. In this pass, audio from <CODE>frameno.avi</CODE> will be | |
| 137 inserted into the destination file.. and it's all ready!</B></TD> | |
| 138 </TR> | |
| 139 </TABLE> | |
| 140 </P> | |
| 141 | |
| 142 <P><B>Example for 3-pass encoding :</B></P> | |
| 143 | |
| 144 <P><CODE> rm frameno.avi</CODE> - remove this file, | |
| 145 which can come from a previous 3-pass encoding (it interferes with current | |
| 146 one)<BR> | |
| 147 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -ovc frameno | |
| 148 -o frameno.avi<BR> | |
| 149 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 | |
| 150 -divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 1<BR> | |
| 151 mencoder -dvd 2 | |
| 152 -divx4opts br=1100 -oac copy -o movie.avi -pass 2</CODE> | |
| 153 </P> | |
| 154 | |
| 2868 | 155 |
| 3721 | 156 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.2>2.4.3.2. Rescaling movies</B></P> |
| 3438 | 157 |
| 158 <P>Often the need to resize movie images' size emerges. Its reasons can be many, | |
| 159 examples are decreasing output file size, encoding SVCDs to DivX. Ripped DVDs | |
| 160 are mostly rescaled, for example a 4:3 DVD should be 640x480, especially | |
| 161 when you want it to fit to 1 CD, and have good quality at the same time. | |
| 162 SVCDs have 480x480 size, and their header contains the aspect ratio the | |
| 163 player should use (Ex.: 480x480 + 4:3 = 640x480). However when encoding to | |
| 164 AVI (DivX) files, you have be aware that AVI headers don't store this | |
| 165 value. Thus, the only solution is rescaling.</P> | |
| 166 | |
| 3912 | 167 <P><B>MEncoder</B> can scale input images if they come in YV12 format (for example: |
| 3859 | 168 ffdivx, odivx drivers, or mpeg1/2). The output size is specified with the |
| 169 <CODE>-x</CODE>, and <CODE>-y</CODE> options. Furthermore, there are 3 | |
| 170 rescaling filters in <B>MEncoder</B>, <I>0 | |
| 171 : fast bilinear</I>, <I>1 : bilinear</I>, <I>2 : bicubic</I> (best quality). | |
| 3438 | 172 They can be specified with the <CODE>-sws</CODE> option. If not specified, |
| 173 <B>MEncoder</B> will use 0 : fast bilinear.</P> | |
| 174 | |
| 175 <P>Rescaling is very simple :<BR> | |
| 176 <CODE> mencoder sample-svcd.mpg -divx4opts br=1300 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 177 | |
| 3721 | 178 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.3>2.4.3.3. Stream copying</B></P> |
| 2868 | 179 |
| 3438 | 180 <P><B>MEncoder</B> can handle input streams in two ways : <B>encode</B> or |
| 181 <B>copy</B> them. This section is about <B>copying</B>.</P> | |
| 2868 | 182 |
| 3438 | 183 <P> |
| 184 <UL> | |
| 185 <LI><B>Video stream</B> (option <CODE>-ovc copy</CODE>) : nice stuff can be done :)<BR> | |
| 186 Like, putting (not converting!) FLI or VIVO or MPEG1 video into an AVI file ! | |
| 187 Of course only <B>MPlayer</B> can play such files :) And it probably has no | |
| 188 real life value at all. Rationally : video stream copying can be useful for | |
| 189 example when only the audio stream has to be encoded (like, uncompressed PCM | |
| 190 to MP3).</LI> | |
| 191 | |
| 192 <LI><B>Audio stream</B> (option <CODE>-oac copy</CODE>) : straightforward.</LI> | |
| 193 </UL> | |
| 194 </P> | |
| 195 | |
| 3721 | 196 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.4>2.4.3.4. Fixing AVIs with broken index</B></P> |
| 3583 | 197 |
| 198 <P>Easiest thing. We simply copy the video and audio streams, and | |
| 199 <B>MEncoder</B> generates the index. Of course this cannot fix possible bugs in | |
| 200 the video and/or audio streams.</P> | |
| 201 | |
| 202 <P>Command : <CODE>mencoder input.avi -ovc copy -oac copy -o output.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 203 | |
| 3721 | 204 |
| 205 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.3.5>2.4.3.5. Encoding with the <I>libavcodec</I> codec family</B></P> | |
| 206 | |
| 3929 | 207 <P><A HREF="codecs.html#2.2.1.2">libavcodec</A> provides simple encoding to a |
| 208 lot of interesting video and audio formats (currently its audio codecs are | |
| 209 unsupported). You can encode to the following codecs :</P> | |
| 3721 | 210 |
| 211 <P> | |
| 212 <UL> | |
| 213 <LI>mjpeg - Motion JPEG</LI> | |
| 3774 | 214 <LI>h263 - H263</LI> |
| 3721 | 215 <LI>h263p - H263 Plus</LI> |
| 216 <LI>mpeg4 - DivX4</LI> | |
| 217 <LI>msmpeg4 - the old DivX</LI> | |
| 218 <LI>rv10 - an old RealVideo codec</LI> | |
| 219 <LI>mpeg1video - MPEG1 video :)</LI> | |
| 220 </UL> | |
| 221 </P> | |
| 222 | |
| 223 <P>The first column contains the codec names that should be passed after the | |
| 224 <CODE>vcodec</CODE> config, like : <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4</CODE></P> | |
| 225 | |
| 3912 | 226 <P>An example, with MJPEG compression :<BR> |
| 227 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -ffourcc mjpg</CODE></P> | |
| 228 | |
| 3721 | 229 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.4>2.4.4. Syntax</B></P> |
| 3438 | 230 |
| 231 <P> <CODE>mencoder [options] [input file] [options] ...</P> | |
| 232 | |
| 3721 | 233 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.5>2.4.5. Available options</B></P> |
| 2868 | 234 |
| 235 <P>NOTE : for all available options, <B>read the manpage !</B></P> | |
| 236 | |
| 4177 | 237 <TABLE BORDER=1> |
| 2868 | 238 <TR> |
| 239 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 240 <I>-o</I> filename</TD> | |
| 241 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 242 specify output filename | |
| 243 </TD> | |
| 244 </TR> | |
| 245 <TR> | |
| 246 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 3287 | 247 <I>-x</I> width in pixels</TD> |
| 248 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 249 rescale output video to given pixels width | |
| 250 </TD> | |
| 251 </TR> | |
| 252 <TR> | |
| 253 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 254 <I>-y</I> height in pixels</TD> | |
| 255 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 256 rescale output video to given pixels height | |
| 257 </TD> | |
| 258 </TR> | |
| 259 <TR> | |
| 260 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 261 <I>-sws</I> 0-2</TD> | |
| 262 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 263 type of scaling method<BR> | |
| 264 0 - fast bilinear<BR> | |
| 265 1 - bilinear<BR> | |
| 266 2 - bicubic (best quality)<BR> | |
| 267 </TD> | |
| 268 </TR> | |
| 269 <TR> | |
| 270 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 2868 | 271 <I>-ovc</I> codecname</TD> |
| 272 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 273 Encode with the given codec (codec names are from codecs.conf). Examples:<BR> | |
| 274 <B>help</B> - get list of available codecs<BR> | |
| 275 <B>copy</B> - no encoding, just copy the stream (only from AVI/ASF now)<BR> | |
| 276 <B>divx4</B> - encode to DivX4<BR> | |
| 3721 | 277 <B>lavc</B> - encode with a codec from libavcodec<BR> |
| 2868 | 278 </TD> |
| 279 </TR> | |
| 280 <TR> | |
| 281 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 282 <I>-oac</I> codecname</TD> | |
| 283 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 284 Encode with the given codec (codec names are from codecs.conf). Examples:<BR> | |
| 285 <B>help</B> - get list of available codecs<BR> | |
| 286 <B>copy</B> - no encoding, just copy the stream (only from AVI/ASF now)<BR> | |
| 287 <B>pcm</B> - encode to uncompressed PCM<BR> | |
| 288 <B>mp3lame</B> - encode to MP3 (using Lame)<BR> | |
| 289 </TD> | |
| 290 </TR> | |
| 291 <TR> | |
| 292 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 293 <I>-divx4opts</I></TD> | |
| 294 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 295 If encoding to DivX4, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR> | |
| 296 <CODE>-divx4opts br=1800:deinterlace:key=250</CODE><BR> | |
| 297 Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR> | |
| 298 <B>help</B> - get help<BR> | |
| 299 <B>br</B>=XXX - specify bitrate in kbit <4-16000> or bit <16001-24000000><BR> | |
| 300 <B>q</B>=XXXX - quality (1-fastest, 5-best - default 5)<BR> | |
| 3721 | 301 <B>key</B>=XXXX - keyframe interval<BR> |
| 302 </TD> | |
| 303 </TR> | |
| 304 <TR> | |
| 305 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 306 <I>-lavcopts</I></TD> | |
| 307 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 308 If encoding with libavcodec, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR> | |
| 309 <CODE>-lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4:vbitrate=1800:vhq:keyint=250</CODE><BR> | |
| 310 Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR> | |
| 311 <B>help</B> - get help<BR> | |
| 312 <B>vcodec</B>=XXX - select videocodec (for the full list, see the libavcodec section above)<BR> | |
| 313 <B>vbitrate</B>=XXX - specify bitrate in kbit <4-16000> or bit <16001-24000000><BR> | |
| 314 <B>vhq</B> - high quality<BR> | |
| 315 <B>keyint</B>=XXX - keyframe interval<BR> | |
| 2868 | 316 </TD> |
| 317 </TR> | |
| 318 <TR> | |
| 319 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 320 <I>-lameopts</I></TD> | |
| 321 <TD><FONT face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> | |
| 322 If encoding to MP3 with libmp3lame, you can specify its parameters here, like:<BR> | |
| 323 <CODE>-lameopts q=3</CODE><BR> | |
| 324 <CODE>-lameopts br=192:cbr</CODE><BR> | |
| 325 Common options: <B>(for full list, check the manpage!)</B><BR> | |
| 326 <B>help</B> - get help<BR> | |
| 327 <B>cbr</B> - select <B>CBR</B> MP3 (default is <B>VBR</B>)<BR> | |
| 328 <B>br</B>=XXX - specify bitrate in kbit <0-1024> (this is for <B>CBR</B> only!)<BR> | |
| 329 <B>q</B>=XXXX - quality (0-highest, 9-fastest - default 0) (this is for <B>VBR</B> only!)<BR> | |
| 330 </TD> | |
| 331 </TR> | |
| 332 </TABLE> | |
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333 |
| 3721 | 334 <P><B><A NAME=2.4.6>2.4.6. Examples</B></P> |
| 2674 | 335 |
| 336 <P>Using <B>MEncoder</B> is the easiest thing on Earth. See the following :</P> | |
| 337 | |
| 338 <P>Encoding from DVD, title 2 :<BR> | |
| 339 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 340 | |
| 3721 | 341 <P>The same, but with libavcodec family, MJPEG compression :<BR> |
| 342 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -o title2.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg -ffourcc mjpg</CODE></P> | |
| 343 | |
| 3438 | 344 <P>Encoding from DVD, title 2, with rescaling :<BR> |
| 345 <CODE> mencoder -dvd 2 -x 640 -y 480 -sws 2 -o title2.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 346 | |
| 2674 | 347 <P>Encoding from HTTP :<BR> |
| 348 <CODE> mencoder http://mplayer.hq/example.avi -o example.avi</CODE></P> | |
| 349 | |
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350 <P>Encoding from a pipe :<BR> |
| 2674 | 351 <CODE> rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -divx4opts br=800 -ofps 24 -pass 1 -- -</CODE></P> |
| 352 | |
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353 <P>Encoding multiple *.vob files :<BR> |
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354 <CODE> cat *.vob | mencoder <options> -</CODE></P> |
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356 <P>Encoding from tuner (for tuner options <A HREF="documentation.html#2.5">see the TV input section !</A>) :<BR> |
| 3382 | 357 <CODE> mencoder -tv on:driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 <options></CODE></P> |
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new features in TV input dox (chan, chanlist, norm, keys)
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358 |
| 2674 | 359 <P>For all available options, <B><I>check the MEncoder man page !</I></B> |
| 360 <P> | |
| 361 </FONT> | |
| 362 </BODY> | |
| 363 </HTML> |