Mercurial > emacs
annotate INSTALL @ 21343:a3059cd301f1
Remove some directories that don't really work now.
| author | Richard M. Stallman <rms@gnu.org> |
|---|---|
| date | Fri, 03 Apr 1998 01:52:38 +0000 |
| parents | 0413a3ff3b8d |
| children | 2a33987c0f02 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 3199 | 1 GNU Emacs Installation Guide |
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2 Copyright (c) 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997 Free software Foundation, Inc. |
| 3199 | 3 |
| 4 Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies | |
| 5 of this document as received, in any medium, provided that the | |
| 6 copyright notice and permission notice are preserved, | |
| 7 and that the distributor grants the recipient permission | |
| 8 for further redistribution as permitted by this notice. | |
| 9 | |
| 10 Permission is granted to distribute modified versions | |
| 11 of this document, or of portions of it, | |
| 12 under the above conditions, provided also that they | |
| 13 carry prominent notices stating who last changed them, | |
| 14 and that any new or changed statements about the activities | |
| 15 of the Free Software Foundation are approved by the Foundation. | |
| 16 | |
| 17 | |
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18 ADDITIONAL DISTRIBUTION FILES |
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19 |
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20 * leim-M.N.tar.gz |
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21 |
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22 The Emacs Lisp code for input methods for various international |
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23 character scripts is distributed in a separate tar file because of its |
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24 large size. This file is called leim-M.N.tar.gz, with the same |
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25 version number as Emacs, and it unpacks into the directory |
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26 emacs-M.N/leim. Thus, if you unpack it in the same directory where |
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27 you unpacked the Emacs distribution, it fills in a subdirectory |
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28 of the Emacs distribution. |
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29 |
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30 If you have already unpacked the Leim tar file into a subdirectory of |
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31 the Emacs sources, building and installing Emacs automatically |
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32 installs the input method support as well. If you unpack the Leim tar |
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33 file into the Emacs sources after building and installing Emacs, just |
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34 build Emacs again and install it again. |
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35 |
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36 * intlfonts-VERSION.tar.gz |
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37 |
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38 The intlfonts distribution contains X11 fonts that Emacs needs in |
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39 order to display international characters. If you see a non-ASCII |
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40 character appear as a hollow box, that means you don't have a font for |
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41 it. You might find a font in the intlfonts distribution. If some |
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42 characters don't look right, or appear improperly aligned, a font |
| 20213 | 43 from the intlfonts distribution might look better. |
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44 |
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45 The intlfonts distribution contains its own installation instructions, |
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46 in the intlfonts/README file. |
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47 |
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48 |
| 3199 | 49 BUILDING AND INSTALLATION: |
| 15209 | 50 |
| 51 (This is for a Unix or Unix-like system. For MSDOS, see below; search | |
| 52 for MSDOG. For Windows NT or Windows 95, see the file nt/INSTALL.) | |
| 3199 | 53 |
| 54 1) Make sure your system has enough swapping space allocated to handle | |
| 55 a program whose pure code is 900k bytes and whose data area is at | |
| 56 least 400k and can reach 8Mb or more. If the swapping space is | |
| 57 insufficient, you will get an error in the command `temacs -batch -l | |
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58 loadup dump', found in `./src/Makefile.in', or possibly when |
| 6062 | 59 running the final dumped Emacs. |
| 3199 | 60 |
| 12620 | 61 Building Emacs requires about 70 Mb of disk space (including the Emacs |
| 62 sources). Once installed, Emacs occupies about 35 Mb in the file | |
| 6062 | 63 system where it is installed; this includes the executable files, Lisp |
| 64 libraries, miscellaneous data files, and on-line documentation. If | |
| 65 the building and installation take place in different directories, | |
| 12620 | 66 then the installation procedure momentarily requires 70+35 Mb. |
| 3199 | 67 |
| 68 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
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69 give to the `configure' program. That file offers hints for |
| 3199 | 70 getting around some possible installation problems. |
| 71 | |
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72 3) You can build Emacs in the top-level Emacs source directory |
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73 or in a separate directory. |
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74 |
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75 3a) To build in the top-level Emacs source directory, go to that |
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76 directory and run the program `configure' as follows: |
| 3199 | 77 |
| 78 ./configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... | |
| 79 | |
| 80 The CONFIGURATION-NAME argument should be a configuration name given | |
| 81 in `./etc/MACHINES'. If omitted, `configure' will try to guess your | |
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82 system type; if it cannot, you must find the appropriate configuration |
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83 name in `./etc/MACHINES' and specify it explicitly. |
| 3199 | 84 |
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85 If you don't want X support, specify `--with-x=no'. If you omit this |
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86 option, `configure' will try to figure out for itself whether your |
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87 system has X, and arrange to use it if present. |
| 3199 | 88 |
| 89 The `--x-includes=DIR' and `--x-libraries=DIR' options tell the build | |
| 90 process where the compiler should look for the include files and | |
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91 object libraries used with the X Window System. Normally, `configure' |
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92 is able to find them; these options are necessary if you have your X |
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93 Window System files installed in unusual places. These options also |
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94 accept a list of directories, separated with colons. |
| 6062 | 95 |
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96 To get more attractive menus, you can specify an X toolkit when you |
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97 configure Emacs; use the option `--with-x-toolkit=TOOLKIT', where |
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98 TOOLKIT is `athena' or `motif' (`yes' and `lucid' are synonyms for |
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99 `athena'). On some systems, it does not work to use a toolkit with |
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100 shared libraries. |
| 3199 | 101 |
| 102 The `--with-gcc' option specifies that the build process should | |
| 103 compile Emacs using GCC. If you don't want to use GCC, specify | |
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104 `--with-gcc=no'. If you omit this option, `configure' will search |
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105 for GCC in your path, and use it if present. |
| 3199 | 106 |
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107 If you want the Emacs mail reader RMAIL to read mail from a POP |
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108 server, you must specify `--with-pop'. This provides support for the |
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109 POP3 protocol; older versions are not supported. For |
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110 Kerberos-authenticated POP add `--with-kerberos', for Hesiod support |
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111 add `--with-hesiod'. These options enable Emacs to use POP; whether |
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112 Emacs uses POP is controlled by individual users--see the Rmail |
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113 chapter of the Emacs manual. |
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114 |
| 3199 | 115 The `--prefix=PREFIXDIR' option specifies where the installation process |
| 116 should put emacs and its data files. This defaults to `/usr/local'. | |
| 117 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in PREFIXDIR/bin | |
| 118 (unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise). | |
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119 - The architecture-independent files go in PREFIXDIR/share/emacs/VERSION |
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120 (where VERSION is the version number of Emacs, like `19.27'). |
| 3199 | 121 - The architecture-dependent files go in |
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122 PREFIXDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION |
| 3199 | 123 (where CONFIGURATION is the configuration name, like mips-dec-ultrix4.2), |
| 124 unless the `--exec-prefix' option says otherwise. | |
| 125 | |
| 126 The `--exec-prefix=EXECDIR' option allows you to specify a separate | |
| 127 portion of the directory tree for installing architecture-specific | |
| 128 files, like executables and utility programs. If specified, | |
| 129 - Emacs (and the other utilities users run) go in EXECDIR/bin, and | |
| 130 - The architecture-dependent files go in | |
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131 EXECDIR/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION. |
| 3199 | 132 EXECDIR/bin should be a directory that is normally in users' PATHs. |
| 133 | |
| 134 For example, the command | |
| 135 | |
| 136 ./configure mips-dec-ultrix --with-x11 | |
| 137 | |
| 138 configures Emacs to build for a DECstation running Ultrix, with | |
| 139 support for the X11 window system. | |
| 140 | |
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141 `configure' doesn't do any compilation or installation |
| 3199 | 142 itself. It just creates the files that influence those things: |
| 9499 | 143 `./Makefile', `lib-src/Makefile', `oldXMenu/Makefile', |
| 144 `lwlib/Makefile', `src/Makefile', and `./src/config.h'. For details | |
| 145 on exactly what it does, see the section called `CONFIGURATION BY | |
| 146 HAND', below. | |
| 3199 | 147 |
| 148 When it is done, `configure' prints a description of what it did and | |
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149 creates a shell script `config.status' which, when run, recreates the |
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150 same configuration. If `configure' exits with an error after |
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151 disturbing the status quo, it removes `config.status'. `configure' |
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152 also creates a file `config.cache' that saves the results of its tests |
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153 to make reconfiguring faster, and a file `config.log' containing compiler |
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154 output (useful mainly for debugging `configure'). You can give |
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155 `configure' the option `--cache-file=FILE' to use the results of the |
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156 tests in FILE instead of `config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to |
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157 disable caching, for debugging `configure'. |
| 3199 | 158 |
| 159 The work of `configure' can be done by editing various files in the | |
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160 distribution, but using `configure' is easier. See the section called |
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161 "CONFIGURATION BY HAND" below if you want to do the configuration |
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162 yourself. |
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163 |
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164 3b) To build in a separate directory, go to that directory |
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165 and run the program `configure' as follows: |
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166 |
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167 SOURCE-DIR/configure CONFIGURATION-NAME [--OPTION[=VALUE]] ... |
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168 |
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169 SOURCE-DIR refers to the top-level Emacs source directory which is |
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170 where Emacs's configure script is located. `configure' looks for the |
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171 Emacs source code in the directory that `configure' is in. |
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172 |
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173 To build in a separate directory, you must use a version of `make' |
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174 that supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. |
| 3199 | 175 |
| 176 4) Look at `./lisp/paths.el'; if some of those values are not right | |
| 11905 | 177 for your system, set up the file `./lisp/site-init.el' with Emacs |
| 178 Lisp code to override them; it is not a good idea to edit paths.el | |
| 3199 | 179 itself. YOU MUST USE THE LISP FUNCTION `setq' TO ASSIGN VALUES, |
| 180 rather than `defvar', as used by `./lisp/paths.el'. For example, | |
| 181 | |
| 182 (setq news-inews-program "/usr/bin/inews") | |
| 183 | |
| 184 is how you would override the default value of the variable | |
| 185 news-inews-program (which is "/usr/local/inews"). | |
| 186 | |
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187 Before you override a variable this way, *look at the value* that the |
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188 variable gets by default! Make sure you know what kind of value the |
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189 variable should have. If you don't pay attention to what you are |
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190 doing, you'll make a mistake. |
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191 |
| 6062 | 192 5) Put into `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/site-load.el' any Emacs |
| 193 Lisp code you want Emacs to load before it is dumped out. Use | |
| 194 site-load.el for additional libraries if you arrange for their | |
| 195 documentation strings to be in the etc/DOC file (see | |
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196 src/Makefile.in if you wish to figure out how to do that). For all |
| 7627 | 197 else, use site-init.el. |
| 3199 | 198 |
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199 If you set load-path to a different value in site-init.el or |
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200 site-load.el, Emacs will use *precisely* that value when it starts up |
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201 again. If you do this, you are on your own! |
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202 |
| 3199 | 203 Note that, on some systems, the code you place in site-init.el must |
| 204 not use expand-file-name or any other function which may look | |
| 205 something up in the system's password and user information database. | |
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206 See `./etc/PROBLEMS' for more details on which systems this affects. |
| 3199 | 207 |
| 7627 | 208 The `site-*.el' files are nonexistent in the distribution. You do not |
| 209 need to create them if you have nothing to put in them. | |
| 3199 | 210 |
| 211 6) Refer to the file `./etc/TERMS' for information on fields you may | |
| 212 wish to add to various termcap entries. The files `./etc/termcap.ucb' | |
| 213 and `./etc/termcap.dat' may already contain appropriately-modified | |
| 214 entries. | |
| 215 | |
| 216 7) Run `make' in the top directory of the Emacs distribution to finish | |
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217 building Emacs in the standard way. The final executable file is |
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218 named `src/emacs'. You can execute this file "in place" without |
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219 copying it, if you wish; then it automatically uses the sibling |
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220 directories ../lisp, ../lib-src, ../info. |
| 3199 | 221 |
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222 Or you can "install" the executable and the other Emacs into their |
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223 installed locations, with `make install'. By default, Emacs's files |
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224 are installed in the following directories: |
| 3199 | 225 |
| 226 `/usr/local/bin' holds the executable programs users normally run - | |
| 7864 | 227 `emacs', `etags', `ctags', `b2m', `emacsclient', |
| 228 and `rcs-checkin'. | |
| 3199 | 229 |
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230 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp' holds the Emacs Lisp library; |
| 3199 | 231 `VERSION' stands for the number of the Emacs version |
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232 you are installing, like `18.59' or `19.27'. Since the |
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233 Lisp library changes from one version of Emacs to |
| 3199 | 234 another, including the version number in the path |
| 235 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed | |
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236 at the same time; in particular, you don't have to |
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237 make Emacs unavailable while installing a new version. |
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238 |
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239 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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240 files installed for Emacs version VERSION only. |
| 3199 | 241 |
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242 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp' holds the local Emacs Lisp |
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243 files installed for all Emacs versions. |
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244 |
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245 When Emacs is installed, it searches for its Lisp files |
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246 in `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/site-lisp', then in |
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247 `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', and finally in |
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248 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/lisp'. |
| 3199 | 249 |
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250 `/usr/local/share/emacs/VERSION/etc' holds the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
| 3199 | 251 file, the `yow' database, and other |
| 252 architecture-independent files Emacs might need while | |
| 253 running. VERSION is as specified for `.../lisp'. | |
| 254 | |
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255 `/usr/local/com/emacs/lock' contains files indicating who is editing |
| 3199 | 256 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between |
| 257 users. | |
| 258 | |
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259 `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' contains executable |
| 3199 | 260 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to |
| 261 run themselves. | |
| 262 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are | |
| 263 installing, and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument | |
| 264 you gave to the `configure' program to identify the | |
| 265 architecture and operating system of your machine, | |
| 266 like `mips-dec-ultrix' or `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since | |
| 267 these files are specific to the version of Emacs, | |
| 268 operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
| 269 the configuration name in the path allows you to have | |
| 270 several versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and | |
| 271 operating systems installed at the same time; this is | |
| 272 useful for sites at which different kinds of machines | |
| 273 share the file system Emacs is installed on. | |
| 274 | |
| 275 `/usr/local/info' holds the on-line documentation for Emacs, known as | |
| 276 "info files". Many other GNU programs are documented | |
| 277 using info files as well, so this directory stands | |
| 278 apart from the other, Emacs-specific directories. | |
| 279 | |
| 280 `/usr/local/man/man1' holds the man pages for the programs installed | |
| 281 in `/usr/local/bin'. | |
| 282 | |
| 283 If these directories are not what you want, you can specify where to | |
| 284 install Emacs's libraries and data files or where Emacs should search | |
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285 for its Lisp files by giving values for `make' variables as part of |
| 3199 | 286 the command. See the section below called `MAKE VARIABLES' for more |
| 287 information on this. | |
| 288 | |
| 289 8) Check the file `dir' in your site's info directory (usually | |
| 290 /usr/local/info) to make sure that it has a menu entry for the Emacs | |
| 291 info files. | |
| 292 | |
| 6062 | 293 9) If your system uses lock files to interlock access to mailer inbox files, |
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294 then you might need to make the movemail program setuid or setgid |
| 6062 | 295 to enable it to write the lock files. We believe this is safe. |
| 296 | |
| 12620 | 297 10) You are done! You can remove executables and object files from |
| 298 the build directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the files | |
| 299 that `configure' created (so you can compile Emacs for a different | |
| 300 configuration), type `make distclean'. | |
| 301 | |
| 3199 | 302 |
| 303 | |
| 304 MAKE VARIABLES | |
| 305 | |
| 306 You can change where the build process installs Emacs and its data | |
| 307 files by specifying values for `make' variables as part of the `make' | |
| 308 command line. For example, if you type | |
| 309 | |
| 310 make install bindir=/usr/local/gnubin | |
| 311 | |
| 312 the `bindir=/usr/local/gnubin' argument indicates that the Emacs | |
| 313 executable files should go in `/usr/local/gnubin', not | |
| 314 `/usr/local/bin'. | |
| 315 | |
| 316 Here is a complete list of the variables you may want to set. | |
| 317 | |
| 318 `bindir' indicates where to put executable programs that users can | |
| 319 run. This defaults to /usr/local/bin. | |
| 320 | |
| 321 `datadir' indicates where to put the architecture-independent | |
| 322 read-only data files that Emacs refers to while it runs; it | |
| 9499 | 323 defaults to /usr/local/share. We create the following |
| 3199 | 324 subdirectories under `datadir': |
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325 - `emacs/VERSION/lisp', containing the Emacs Lisp library, and |
| 3199 | 326 - `emacs/VERSION/etc', containing the Emacs tutorial, the DOC |
| 327 file, and the `yow' database. | |
| 328 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
| 329 like `18.59' or `19.0'. Since these files vary from one version | |
| 330 of Emacs to another, including the version number in the path | |
| 331 allows you to have several versions of Emacs installed at the | |
| 332 same time; this means that you don't have to make Emacs | |
| 333 unavailable while installing a new version. | |
| 334 | |
| 9499 | 335 `sharedstatedir' indicates where to put architecture-independent data files |
| 3199 | 336 that Emacs modifies while it runs; it defaults to |
| 9499 | 337 /usr/local/com. We create the following |
| 338 subdirectories under `sharedstatedir': | |
| 3199 | 339 - `emacs/lock', containing files indicating who is editing |
| 340 what, so Emacs can detect editing clashes between | |
| 341 users. | |
| 342 | |
| 9499 | 343 `libexecdir' indicates where to put architecture-specific data files that |
| 344 Emacs refers to as it runs; it defaults to `/usr/local/libexec'. | |
| 345 We create the following subdirectories under `libexecdir': | |
| 3199 | 346 - `emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME', containing executable |
| 347 programs used by Emacs that users are not expected to run | |
| 348 themselves. | |
| 349 `VERSION' is the number of the Emacs version you are installing, | |
| 350 and `CONFIGURATION-NAME' is the argument you gave to the | |
| 351 `configure' program to identify the architecture and operating | |
| 352 system of your machine, like `mips-dec-ultrix' or | |
| 353 `sparc-sun-sunos'. Since these files are specific to the version | |
| 354 of Emacs, operating system, and architecture in use, including | |
| 355 the configuration name in the path allows you to have several | |
| 356 versions of Emacs for any mix of machines and operating systems | |
| 357 installed at the same time; this is useful for sites at which | |
| 358 different kinds of machines share the file system Emacs is | |
| 359 installed on. | |
| 360 | |
| 361 `infodir' indicates where to put the info files distributed with | |
| 362 Emacs; it defaults to `/usr/local/info'. | |
| 363 | |
| 364 `mandir' indicates where to put the man pages for Emacs and its | |
| 365 utilities (like `etags'); it defaults to | |
| 366 `/usr/local/man/man1'. | |
| 367 | |
| 368 `manext' gives the extension the man pages should be installed with. | |
| 369 It should contain a period, followed by the appropriate | |
| 370 digit. It defaults to `.1'. For example given the default | |
| 371 values for `mandir' and `manext', the Emacs man page would be | |
| 372 installed as `/usr/local/man/man1/emacs.1'. | |
| 373 | |
| 374 `prefix' doesn't give a path for any specific part of Emacs; instead, | |
| 375 its value is used to determine the defaults for all the | |
| 376 architecture-independent path variables - `datadir', | |
| 9499 | 377 `sharedstatedir', `infodir', and `mandir'. Its default value is |
| 3199 | 378 `/usr/local'; the other variables add on `lib' or `man' to it |
| 379 by default. | |
| 380 | |
| 381 For example, suppose your site generally places GNU software | |
| 382 under `/usr/users/software/gnusoft' instead of `/usr/local'. | |
| 383 By including | |
| 384 `prefix=/usr/users/software/gnusoft' | |
| 385 in the arguments to `make', you can instruct the build process | |
| 386 to place all of the Emacs data files in the appropriate | |
| 387 directories under that path. | |
| 388 | |
| 389 `exec_prefix' serves the same purpose as `prefix', but instead | |
| 390 determines the default values for the architecture-dependent | |
| 9499 | 391 path variables - `bindir' and `libexecdir'. |
| 3199 | 392 |
| 393 The above variables serve analogous purposes in the makefiles for all | |
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394 GNU software; this variable is specific to Emacs. |
| 3199 | 395 |
| 12620 | 396 `archlibdir' indicates where Emacs installs and expects the executable |
| 397 files and other architecture-dependent data it uses while | |
| 398 running. Its default value, based on `libexecdir' (which | |
| 399 see), is `/usr/local/libexec/emacs/VERSION/CONFIGURATION-NAME' | |
| 3199 | 400 (where VERSION and CONFIGURATION-NAME are as described above). |
| 401 | |
| 402 Remember that you must specify any variable values you need each time | |
| 403 you run `make' in the top directory. If you run `make' once to build | |
| 404 emacs, test it, and then run `make' again to install the files, you | |
| 405 must provide the same variable settings each time. To make the | |
| 406 settings persist, you can edit them into the `Makefile' in the top | |
| 407 directory, but be aware that running the `configure' program erases | |
| 408 `Makefile' and rebuilds it from `Makefile.in'. | |
| 409 | |
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410 The path for finding Lisp files is specified in src/paths.h, |
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411 a file which is generated by running configure. To change the path, |
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412 you can edit the definition of PATH_LOADSEARCH in that file |
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413 before you run `make'. |
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414 |
| 3199 | 415 The top-level Makefile stores the variable settings it used in the |
| 416 Makefiles for the subdirectories, so you don't have to specify them | |
| 417 when running make in the subdirectories. | |
| 418 | |
| 419 | |
| 420 CONFIGURATION BY HAND | |
| 421 | |
| 7864 | 422 Instead of running the `configure' program, you have to perform the |
| 423 following steps. | |
| 3199 | 424 |
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425 1) Copy `./src/config.in' to `./src/config.h'. |
| 3199 | 426 |
| 427 2) Consult `./etc/MACHINES' to see what configuration name you should | |
| 428 use for your system. Look at the code of the `configure' script to | |
| 429 see which operating system and architecture description files from | |
| 430 `src/s' and `src/m' should be used for that configuration name. Edit | |
| 431 `src/config.h', and change the two `#include' directives to include | |
| 432 the appropriate system and architecture description files. | |
| 433 | |
| 434 2) Edit `./src/config.h' to set the right options for your system. If | |
| 435 you need to override any of the definitions in the s/*.h and m/*.h | |
| 436 files for your system and machine, do so by editing config.h, not by | |
| 437 changing the s/*.h and m/*.h files. Occasionally you may need to | |
| 438 redefine parameters used in `./lib-src/movemail.c'. | |
| 439 | |
| 7864 | 440 3) Create src/Makefile and lib-src/Makefile from the corresponding |
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441 `Makefile.in' files. First copy `Makefile.in' to `Makefile.c', |
| 14020 | 442 then edit in appropriate substitutions for the @...@ constructs, |
| 7864 | 443 and then copy the shell commands near the end of `configure' |
| 444 that run cpp to construct `Makefile'. | |
| 3199 | 445 |
| 7864 | 446 4) Create `Makefile' files in various other directories |
| 447 from the corresponding `Makefile.in' files. This isn't so hard, | |
| 448 just a matter of substitution. | |
| 3199 | 449 |
| 450 The `configure' script is built from `configure.in' by the `autoconf' | |
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451 program. You need version 2.0 or newer of `autoconf' to rebuild `configure'. |
| 3199 | 452 |
| 453 BUILDING GNU EMACS BY HAND | |
| 454 | |
| 9507 | 455 Once Emacs is configured, running `make' in the top directory performs |
| 456 the following steps. | |
| 3199 | 457 |
| 458 1) Run `make src/paths.h' in the top directory. This produces | |
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459 `./src/paths.h' from the template file `./src/paths.in', changing |
| 3199 | 460 the paths to the values specified in `./Makefile'. |
| 461 | |
| 7864 | 462 2) Go to directory `./lib-src' and run `make'. This creates |
| 463 executables named `ctags' and `etags' and `wakeup' and `make-docfile' | |
| 464 and `digest-doc' and `test-distrib'. And others. | |
| 3199 | 465 |
| 7864 | 466 3) Go to directory `./src' and Run `make'. This refers to files in |
| 467 the `./lisp' and `./lib-src' subdirectories using names `../lisp' and | |
| 3199 | 468 `../lib-src'. |
| 469 | |
| 470 This creates a file `./src/emacs' which is the runnable Emacs, | |
| 7864 | 471 which has another name that contains a version number. |
| 472 Each time you do this, that version number increments in the last place. | |
| 3199 | 473 |
| 474 It also creates a file in `./etc' whose name is `DOC' followed by the | |
| 475 current Emacs version. This file contains documentation strings for | |
| 476 all the functions in Emacs. Each time you run make to make a new | |
| 477 emacs, a new DOC file with a new name is made. You must keep the DOC | |
| 478 file for an Emacs version as long as you keep using that Emacs | |
| 479 version. | |
| 480 | |
| 481 | |
| 482 INSTALLATION BY HAND | |
| 483 | |
| 9507 | 484 The steps below are done by running `make install' in the main |
| 485 directory of the Emacs distribution. | |
| 3199 | 486 |
| 487 1) Copy `./lisp' and its subdirectories, `./etc', and the executables | |
| 488 in `./lib-src' to their final destinations, as selected in `./src/paths.h'. | |
| 489 | |
| 490 Strictly speaking, not all of the executables in `./lib-src' need be copied. | |
| 7627 | 491 - The programs `cvtmail', `emacsserver', `fakemail', `hexl', |
| 7864 | 492 `movemail', `profile', `rcs2log', `timer', `vcdiff', `wakeup', |
| 493 and `yow' are used by Emacs; they do need to be copied. | |
| 494 - The programs `etags', `ctags', `emacsclient', `b2m', and `rcs-checkin' | |
| 3199 | 495 are intended to be run by users; they are handled below. |
| 9498 | 496 - The programs `make-docfile' and `test-distrib' were |
| 3199 | 497 used in building Emacs, and are not needed any more. |
| 498 - The programs `digest-doc' and `sorted-doc' convert a `DOC' file into | |
| 499 a file for users to read. There is no important reason to move them. | |
| 500 | |
| 501 2) Copy the files in `./info' to the place specified in | |
| 502 `./lisp/site-init.el' or `./lisp/paths.el'. Note that if the | |
| 503 destination directory already contains a file named `dir', you | |
| 504 probably don't want to replace it with the `dir' file in the Emacs | |
| 505 distribution. Instead, you should make sure that the existing `dir' | |
| 506 file contains an appropriate menu entry for the Emacs info. | |
| 507 | |
| 508 3) Create a directory for Emacs to use for clash detection, named as | |
| 509 indicated by the PATH_LOCK macro in `./src/paths.h'. | |
| 510 | |
| 511 4) Copy `./src/emacs' to `/usr/local/bin', or to some other directory | |
| 512 in users' search paths. `./src/emacs' has an alternate name | |
| 513 `./src/emacs-EMACSVERSION'; you may wish to make a symbolic link named | |
| 514 `/usr/local/bin/emacs' pointing to that alternate name, as an easy way | |
| 515 of installing different versions. | |
| 516 | |
| 517 You can delete `./src/temacs'. | |
| 518 | |
| 519 5) Copy the programs `b2m', `emacsclient', `ctags', `etags', and | |
| 7864 | 520 `rcs-checkin' from `./lib-src' to `/usr/local/bin'. These programs are |
| 3199 | 521 intended for users to run. |
| 522 | |
| 523 6) Copy the man pages in `./etc' for emacs, ctags, and etags into the | |
| 524 appropriate man directories. | |
| 525 | |
| 526 7) The files in the `./src' subdirectory, except for `emacs', are not | |
| 7864 | 527 used by Emacs once it is built. However, it is very desirable to keep |
| 528 the source on line for debugging. | |
| 3199 | 529 |
| 530 | |
| 531 PROBLEMS | |
| 532 | |
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533 See the file PROBLEMS in etc subdirectory for a list of various |
| 3199 | 534 problems sometimes encountered, and what to do about them. |
| 535 | |
| 536 | |
| 6062 | 537 Installation on MSDOG (a.k.a. MSDOS) |
| 538 | |
| 7627 | 539 To install on MSDOG, you need to have the GNU C compiler for MSDOG |
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540 (also known as djgpp), GNU Make, rm, mv, and sed. See the remarks in |
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541 config.bat for more information about locations and versions. The |
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542 file etc/FAQ includes pointers to Internet sites where you can find |
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543 the necessary utilities; search for "MS-DOS". The configuration step |
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544 (see below) will test for these utilities and will refuse to continue |
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545 if any of them isn't found. |
| 6062 | 546 |
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547 If you are building the MSDOG version of Emacs on an MSDOG-like system |
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548 which supports long file names (e.g. Windows 95), you need to make |
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549 sure that long file names are handled consistently both when you |
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550 unpack the distribution and compile it. If you intend to compile with |
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66a9ef0892a2
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551 DJGPP v2.0 or later, and long file names support is enabled (LFN=y in |
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552 the environment), you need to unpack Emacs distribution in a way that |
|
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553 doesn't truncate the original long filenames to the DOS 8.3 namespace; |
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554 the easiest way to do this is to use djtar program which comes with |
|
66a9ef0892a2
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555 DJGPP, since it will note the LFN setting and behave accordingly. |
|
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Explain about MSDOS installation and long file name support.
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556 DJGPP v1 doesn't support long filenames, so you must unpack Emacs with |
|
66a9ef0892a2
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557 a program that truncates the filenames to 8.3 naming as it extracts |
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558 files; again, using djtar after setting LFN=n is the recommended way. |
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559 You can build Emacs with LFN=n even if you use DJGPP v2, if some of |
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560 your tools don't support long file names: just ensure that LFN is set |
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561 to `n' during both unpacking and compiling. |
| 15017 | 562 |
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563 (By the time you read this, you have already unpacked the Emacs |
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564 distribution, but if the explanations above imply that you should have |
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565 done it differently, it's safer to delete the directory tree created |
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566 by the unpacking program and unpack Emacs again, than to risk running |
|
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567 into problems during the build process.) |
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568 |
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569 It is important to understand that the runtime support of long file |
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66a9ef0892a2
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570 names by the Emacs binary is NOT affected by the LFN setting during |
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571 compilation; Emacs compiled with DJGPP v2.0 or later will always |
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572 support long file names on Windows 95 no matter what was the setting |
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573 of LFN at compile time. However, if you compiled with LFN disabled |
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574 and want to enable LFN support after Emacs was already built, you need |
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575 to make sure that the support files in the lisp, etc and info |
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576 directories are called by their original long names as found in the |
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577 distribution. You can do this either by renaming the files manually, |
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578 or by extracting them from the original distribution archive with |
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579 djtar after you set LFN=y in the environment. |
| 15017 | 580 |
|
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parents:
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581 To unpack Emacs with djtar, type this command: |
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66a9ef0892a2
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582 |
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66a9ef0892a2
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583 djtar -x emacs.tgz |
|
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584 |
|
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585 (This assumes that the Emacs distribution is called `emacs.tgz' on |
| 19635 | 586 your system.) |
| 12343 | 587 |
|
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588 When unpacking is done, a directory called `emacs-XX.YY' will be |
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589 created, where XX.YY is the Emacs version. To build and install |
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590 Emacs, chdir to that directory and type these commands: |
|
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591 |
|
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592 config msdos |
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593 make install |
| 6062 | 594 |
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595 Building Emacs creates executable files in the src and lib-src |
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596 directories. Installing Emacs on MSDOS moves these executables to a |
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597 sibling directory called bin. For example, if you build in directory |
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598 /emacs, installing moves the executables from /emacs/src and |
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599 /emacs/lib-src to the directory /emacs/bin, so you can then delete the |
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600 subdirectories /emacs/src and /emacs/lib-src if you wish. The only |
|
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601 subdirectories you need to keep are bin, lisp, etc and info. The bin |
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602 subdirectory should be added to your PATH. The msdos subdirectory |
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603 includes a PIF and an icon file for Emacs which you might find useful |
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604 if you run Emacs under MS Windows. |
|
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605 |
|
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606 Emacs on MSDOS finds the lisp, etc and info directories by looking in |
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607 ../lisp, ../etc and ../info, starting from the directory where the |
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608 Emacs executable was run from. You can override this by setting the |
| 19635 | 609 environment variables EMACSDATA (for the location of `etc' directory), |
| 610 EMACSLOADPATH (for the location of `lisp' directory) and INFOPATH (for | |
| 611 the location of the `info' directory). | |
| 6062 | 612 |
| 7627 | 613 MSDOG is a not a multitasking operating system, so Emacs features such |
| 614 as asynchronous subprocesses that depend on multitasking will not | |
| 615 work. Synchronous subprocesses do work. | |
|
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616 |
|
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617 Version 2.0 of djgpp has two bugs that affect Emacs. We've included |
|
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618 corrected versions of two files from djgpp in the msdos subdirectory: |
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619 is_exec.c and sigaction.c. To work around the bugs, compile these |
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620 files and link them into temacs. Djgpp version 2.01 have these bugs |
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621 fixed, so upgrade if you can before building Emacs. |
